Surah al anfal(سورة الأنفال)

                                                          سورة الأنفال

                    بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْأَنفَالِ ۖ قُلِ الْأَنفَالُ لِلَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ ۖ فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَأَصْلِحُوا ذَاتَ بَيْنِكُمْ ۖ وَأَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤْمِنِينَ

إِنَّمَا الْمُؤْمِنُونَ الَّذِينَ إِذَا ذُكِرَ اللَّهُ وَجِلَتْ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَإِذَا تُلِيَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ آيَاتُهُ زَادَتْهُمْ إِيمَانًا وَعَلَىٰ رَبِّهِمْ يَتَوَكَّلُونَ

Transliteration:

Bismillahir-Rahmanir-Raheem.

Yas'aloonaka 'anil-anfaal. Quli al-anfaalu lillahi war-rasool. Fattaqullah, waaslihoo thaata baynikum, waatee'ullaha warasoolahu in kuntum mu'mineen.

Innama al-mu'minoona allatheena itha dhukira Allahu wajilat quloobuhum waitha tuliyat 'alayhim ayatu hu zadathum eemanan wa'ala rabbihim yatawakkaloon. 

Translation:

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

They ask you, [O Muhammad], about the bounties [of war]. Say, "The [decision concerning] bounties is for Allah and the Messenger." So fear Allah and amend that which is between you and obey Allah and His Messenger, if you should be believers.

The believers are only those who, when Allah is mentioned, their hearts become fearful, and when His verses are recited to them, it increases them in faith; and upon their Lord they rely.

Introduction :-

Surah Al-Anfal is indeed the eighth chapter (surah) of the Quran. It derives its name from the word "Anfal," which means "spoils of war" or "the bounty" in Arabic. The surah consists of 75 verses and is classified as a Medinan surah. This classification indicates that it was revealed during the later period of Prophet Muhammad's prophethood in the city of Medina. The Surah was revealed during a pivotal period when the Muslims were encountering a significant confrontation against the Quraysh tribe of Makkah...

The context of revelation for Surah Al-Anfal is related to the Battle of Badr, which took place in the year 624 CE. The surah addresses various aspects of warfare, such as military strategy, distribution of spoils, and the importance of steadfastness and reliance on God during times of conflict. It provides guidance to the Muslim community regarding the conduct of war and the principles of justice and ethics that should be upheld in such situations.

"Indeed, the believers are those who, when Allah is mentioned, their hearts become fearful, and when His verses are recited to them, it increases them in faith; and upon their Lord they rely." (Quran 8:2)

Battle of Badr:- 

The Battle of Badr is the significant event associated with the revelation of Surah Al-Anfal. It took place in the year 624 CE, during the early period of Islam, in the vicinity of the town of Badr in present-day Saudi Arabia. The battle occurred between the small Muslim community, led by Prophet Muhammad, and the Quraysh, a powerful polytheistic tribe from Mecca.

The context of the Battle of Badr was rooted in the ongoing conflict between the Muslims and the Quraysh of Mecca. The Muslims had migrated from Mecca to Medina due to persecution, and tensions escalated as the Muslim community grew stronger and posed a threat to the Quraysh's economic interests and religious beliefs.

Qurayshs  wanted to weak the Muslims :

 Quraysh, seeking to weaken the Muslim community, organized a caravan led by Abu Sufyan, a prominent Quraysh leader, which was returning from Syria. The Muslims received intelligence about the caravan's route and realized it presented an opportunity to intercept the Quraysh and potentially gain spoils.

"And when you meet the disbelievers in battle, strike them at their necks until you have inflicted slaughter upon them. Then secure their bonds, and either confer favor afterward or ransom them until the war lays down its burdens. That is the command."